Science Courses and Tutorials

The nitrogen cycle represents one of the most important nutrient cycles found in terrestrial ecosystems (Figure 9s-1). Nitrogen is used by living organisms to produce a number of complex organic molecules like amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The store of nitrogen found in the atmosphere, where it exists as a gas (mainly N2), plays an important role for life.

PhysicalGeography.net is an educational web portal that focuses on a specific area knowledge known as Physical Geography. Physical Geography is a sub-discipline of two much larger fields of study - Geography and Earth Sciences. The main purpose of Physical Geography is to explain the spatial characteristics of the various natural phenomena that exist in Earth's hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere.

Understanding the science of food will make you a better cook. We conduct first-hand experiments in the test kitchen in order to make food science approachable and fun.

An interactive journey though Earth's history for students and educators.

Ever wondered about what's really in hair coloring, Silly Putty, Cheese Wiz, artificial snow, or self-tanners? Chemical and Engineering News presents a collection of articles that gives you a look at the chemistry behind a wide variety of everyday products.

The New York Hall of Science is New York Citys only hands-on science and technology center. The Hall features more than 400 hands-on exhibits. Visit us and explore the wonder and excitement of biology, chemistry and physics.

MathSite is an interactive source for seeing, hearing, and doing mathematics. The exhibits of the MathSite are intended for people of all ages who are interested in or are curious about mathematics. No specialized mathematical knowledge or expertise is assumed.

WhaleNet's interactive educational website focuses on whales and marine research. WhaleNet is sponsored by Wheelock College in Boston, Massachusetts with initial support from the National Science Foundation.

Everything you wanted to know about DNA in an interactive multimedia website: history, code, manipulation, genome, applications, chronicle, DNA news.

ISS EarthKAM is a NASA sponsored program that provides stunning, high quality photographs of our planet taken from the Space Shuttle and International Space Station. Since 1996, ISS EarthKAM students have taken thousands of photographs of Earth by using the world wide web to direct a digital camera on select space flights and currently on the International Space Station.

The Library is the heart of NASA Spacelink and the official home to the NASA Education Division's electronic publications and NASA Television's education schedule. The Library is also your guide to NASA's Internet resources with hundreds of subject oriented pages and the capability to search all of NASA. Want to more fully utilize NASA's Internet resources? Educator Focus concentrates on subjects of interest to educators that otherwise might be overlooked. Check out this collection of Cool Picks containing intriguing and educational NASA materials and sites. Heard something about NASA in the news? Hot Topics is one of our more popular areas in which current events related to NASA science, technology, and education are highlighted.

The mission of Whatcom Community College's Online Math Center is to provide free access to a wide range of resources related to mathematics, its application, technology, and mathematics education. To this end, the Online Math Center has been designed around two main themes, Teaching and Learning Math, as well as the ancillary themes of Math Resources, Calculators, and Math Events. Under Learning Math, there is an on "growing" set of topics. There are links to tutorial sites on the Web as well as on campus. Users have access to Web help pages and may find information about Math Placement and Math Classes, scholarships and other forms of financial aid. Here you will find applications to math from A to Z. Use LiveMath resources to visualize vectors, imaginary roots, three dimensional surfaces. The Math Calendar can locate the birthdays of mathematicians for any day of the year as well as provide information about many different calendars. Teaching Resources from prepared lesson plans to graph paper, and Real Data that can be used for mathematical modeling are also found under Teaching Math. Math Resources are Math Software Reviews, ERIC Resources, as well as The Online Math Center Library with links to math oriented web libraries, references, and journals. To locate professional mathematics organizations online, visit our Organizations page. To visit the homepage or math department homepage of many colleges and four year universities try our Colleges page. Information about graphing calculators may be found on the Calculator page. There are links to calculator tutorials. For math puzzles and contests, research, and professional meetings, visit the Math Events page.

An online textbook by Joseph P. Hornak, Ph.D., of Rochester Institute of Technology.

We have produced a simple cosmic ray detector that can be built by high school teachers. This detector can be used to measure the rate, energy and direction of cosmic rays. It can also measure how cosmic rays vary with elevation. In addition, it is a valuable tool to teach elementary measurement statistics. This unit is part of Berkeley Lab's ABC of Nuclear Science online science unit.

The ABC's of Nuclear Science is a brief introduction to Nuclear Science. We look at Antimatter, Beta rays, Cosmic connection and much more. Visit here and learn about radioactivity - alpha, beta and gamma decay. Find out the difference between fission and fusion. Learn about the structure of the atomic nucleus. Learn how elements on the earth were produced. Do you know that you are being bombarded constantly by nuclear radiation from the Cosmos? Discover if there are radioactive products found in a grocery store. Do you know if you have ever eaten radioactive food? Find out what materials are needed to shield us from alpha, beta, gamma, radiation. Discover what have we gained by its study.

CSEM stands for the Center for Space Environment Modeling. Scientists who work at the Center are interested in creating a detailed model of the space environment. They are especially interested in the environment very near the Earth. By understanding the space environment surrounding the Earth, scientists can better predict the effects of space weather storms on our planet. Since the environment surrounding the Earth is so complex, supercomputers must be used to model that environment. In this site, we share some cool, fun and fascinating items dealing with supercomputers, space environment models and Sun-Earth connections.

The goals of the Physics2000 Educational Initiative are to make physics more accessible to students and people of all ages by developing an innovative Internet Website, aimed at all ages, emphasizing imagery, interactivity and hierarchical organization, and by developing live classroom courses for undergraduate non-science majors with unconventional topical organization and web support; to demonstrate the connection between modern technology and earlier basic research by working backwards from familiar current devices and technologies to general principles established much earlier by basic experiment and theory; to foster an appreciation of the accomplishments of 20th century physics, as we approach the year 2000 by focusing public attention on current research achievements in physics and explaining their significance and by developing new inderdisciplinary and cross-topical undergraduate courses for both majors and non-majors.

People mean different things when they talk about cryptography. Children play with toy ciphers and secret languages. However, these have little to do with real security and strong encryption. Strong encryption is the kind of encryption that can be used to protect information of real value against organized criminals, multinational corporations, and major governments. Strong encryption used to be only military business; however, in the information society it has become one of the central tools for maintaining privacy and confidentiality. As we move into an information society, the technological means for global surveillance of millions of individual people are becoming available to major governments. Cryptography has become one of the main tools for privacy, trust, access control, electronic payments, corporate security, and countless other fields. Cryptography is no longer a military thing that should not be messed with. It is time to de-mystify cryptography and make full use of the advantages it provides for the modern society. In the following, basic terminology and the main methods of cryptography are presented. Any opinions and evaluations presented here are speculative, and neither the authors nor SSH can be held responsible for their correctness - although every attempt is made to make sure that this information is as correct and up-to-date as possible.

As we move into an information society, the technological means for global surveillance of millions of individual people are becoming available to major governments. Cryptography has become one of the main tools for privacy, trust, access control, electronic payments, corporate security, and countless other fields. The use of cryptography is no longer a privilege reserved for governments and highly skilled specialists, but is becoming available for everyone to make use of.

Biographies Index. History Topics Index. Famous curves index. Mathematicians of the day. Mathematical societies index. Chinese mathematics.