The ORELA is a powerful electron accelerator-based neutron source located in the Physics Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It produces intense, nanosecond bursts of neutrons, each burst containing neutrons with energies from 10e-03 to 10e08 eV. ORELA is operated about 1200 hours per year and is an ORNL User Facility open to university, national laboratory and industrial scientists. The mission of ORELA has changed from a recent focus on applied research to nuclear astrophysics. This is an area in which ORELA has historically been very productive: most of the measurements of neutron capture cross sections necessary for understanding heavy element nucleosynthesis through the slow neutron capture process (s-process) have been made at ORELA.

ORNL is a multiprogram science and technology laboratory managed for the U.S. Department of Energy by UT-Battelle, LLC. Scientists and engineers at ORNL conduct basic and applied research and development to create scientific knowledge solutions that strengthen the nation's leadership in key areas of science; increase the availability of clean, abundant energy; restore and protect the environment; and contribute to national security. ORNL also performs other work for the Department of Energy, including isotope production, information management, and technical program management, and provides research and technical assistance to other organizations. Major research areas include neutron sciences, chemical and radiochemical technology, complex biological systems, energy sciences, engineering sciences and robotics, environmental sciences, high performance computing, materials sciences, measurement sciences, physical and chemical sciences, simulation sciences, and national security.

The Office of Nuclear Physics supports a community of scientists who seek to understand the fundamental forces and particles of nature as manifested in nuclear matter.

JILA optical physicists manipulate light to produce ultrashort laser pulses. They then study these pulses to gain insight into the fundamental properties of light. Thus the investigation of light itself is intertwined with the development of advanced ultrafast light sources and optical pulse shapers, the precise control of ultrafast pulses and their interactions with passive optical cavities, and the control of the carrier-envelope phase of ultrashort pulses. As a result of JILA's optical physics research, ultrafast lasers are becoming increasingly capable of delivering designer light pulses whose applications include the control of dynamical processes in chemistry, biology, materials science, medicine, telecommunications, and nanotechnology. JILA research also finds important applications in precision metrology, including the development of optical frequency standards and optical atomic clocks. JILA optical physics research also focuses on quantum optics theory and blind signal separation.

The discovery that quantum physics allows fundamentally new modes of information processing has required the existing theories of computation, information and cryptography to be superseded by their quantum generalisations. The Centre for Quantum Computation conducts theoretical and experimental research into all aspects of quantum information processing, and into the implications of the quantum theory of computation for physics itself.

At PNNL, we deliver breakthrough science and technology to meet key national needs. We also apply our capabilities to meet selected environmental, energy, health and national security objectives, strengthen the economy, and support the education of future scientists and engineers. PNNL is managed by DOE's Office of Science, but we perform work for many DOE offices as well as other government agencies. PNNL's areas of research, from fundamental science to eventual commercial application, fall into seven main areas: Computing and Information Technology, Energy, Environment, Fundamental Science, Health and Safety, National Security, and Nuclear Technology.

Perimeter Institute is a community of theoretical physicists dedicated to extending theories of space, time and matter. Perimeter Institute began in the summer of 1999 when Mike Lazaridis, founder and Co-CEO of Research In Motion (RIM) maker of the successful BlackBerryTM found himself in a position to help foster research and innovation in Canada. Howard Burton, a PhD graduate from the University of Waterloo, was hired by Mike as Executive Director in August of that year to best determine how a world-class organization devoted to theoretical physics would take shape. In just five years, Perimeter researchers have contributed over 500 meaningful, peer-reviewed, scientific findings and transferred this knowledge to all manner of partners in the entire research chain. Their current areas of cross-disciplinary research include: Foundations of Quantum Theory, Quantum Information Theory, Quantum Gravity, Superstring Theory, Particle Physics, Cosmology.

Physics at Berkeley has long been in the forefront of discovery and achievement. In 1931, Ernest O. Lawrence invented the cyclotron at Berkeley, ushering in the era of high-energy physics and a tradition of achievement that continues today. Seven of Berkeleys nineteen Nobel Prizes were awarded to Berkeley physicists. The most recent National Research Council nationwide rankings identify the Department as one of the best in the nation. In their pursuit of original research, physics faculty members collaborate with postdoctoral fellows, PhD graduate students, undergraduate students, and visiting scholars. Research opportunities exist for investigating a wide range of topics in theoretical and experimental physics including astrophysics, atomic physics, molecular physics, biophysics, condensed matter, cosmic rays, elementary particles and fields, energy and resources, fusion and plasma, geochronology, general relativity, low temperature physics, mathematical physics, nuclear physics, optical and laser spectroscopy, space physics, and statistical mechanics.

Precision measurement plays a key role in most of JILA's scientific investigations. New techniques and technologies are allowing researchers to probe tiny structures inside living cells; to study the properties of ultracold matter; to monitor the dynamics of chemical reactions; to more directly measure the frequency of visible light and other short wavelength electromagnetic radiation; to study the behavior of electrons in semiconductors; and to investigate other phenomena heretofore too small or too fast to "see," much less precisely quantify. Precision measurement research at JILA falls into four broad areas: precision optical metrology, measurements of fundamental parameters, atomic clocks, and ultrasensitive devices.

Fusion energy and plasma physics research is the primary mission of the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL). A collaborative national center for fusion energy and plasma physics research, PPPL is managed by Princeton University for the U.S. Department of Energy. An associate mission for PPPL is to provide the highest quality of education in fusion energy, plasma physics, and related technologies.

The development of nonclassical sources of light that rely on the quantum nature of the electromagnetic field has proceeded apace in the past decade. Generically referred to as quiet light, these quantum sources exhibit reduced fluctuations (noise) in comparison with classical sources such as natural light, and light from LEDs and lasers. A particularly useful quantum source of light is the entangled photon state, which may be generated by spontaneous optical parametric downconversion (SPDC). In this process, a laser beam illuminates an anisotropic nonlinear crystal oriented at the proper angle. A photon from the pump laser (the "mother photon") is split into a pair of twins (the "daughter photons"). The energy and momentum of the mother are shared by the daughters, which share entanglement by virtue of the nonseparability of the quantum state that describes them. It is the mission of the Quantum Imaging Laboratory to exploit nonclassical light for the purposes of optical imaging, communications, cryptography, teleportation, and computing.

The Quantum Information Science group at Stanford University is led by Professor Yoshihisa Yamamoto. Stanford Quantum Information Science group investigates ways to generate and manipulate quantum states in photonic, electronic and nuclear systems. We anticipate such techniques to control photonic qubits, nuclear qubits and electronic qubits will be applied to future quantum communication systems, quantum computation systems and the interface between the two. We focus our theoretical and experimental efforts on four areas, Photonic Quantum Information System, Exciton Polariton laser and BEC in Semiconductors, Mesoscopic Transport, Exciton Polariton, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Solids, to develop new experimental techniques to control photonic, electronic and nuclear qubits.

Quantum state tomography is the process by which a quantum state is reconstructed using measurements on an ensemble of identical quantum states. Because measurement of a quantum state (in general) changes the state being measured, getting a complete picture of that state requires measurements on many state copies. This website, maintained by Paul Kwiat's quantum information group , is intended to be useful to a variety of visitors. First and foremost, it is meant to provide a practical starting point for experimental groups setting up quantum tomgraphy systems. Secondly, we believe the information here can act as an introduction to quantum tomography for those just learning about the subject. Lastly, we think that even experienced researchers in the field may find some tips and tricks that we use helpful. No matter who you, are, we would like to welcome you to our website.

See all the excitement at ParticleAdventure.org. Other fun sites on particle physics. Charts, posters, and materials on frontier physics from the Contemporary Physics Education Project. The QuarkNet program involves high school teachers and students in exciting research. Learn how your world works at Physics Central.

The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is a world-class scientific research facility that began operation in 2000, following 10 years of development and construction. Hundreds of physicists from around the world use RHIC to study what the universe may have looked like in the first few moments after its creation. RHIC drives two intersecting beams of gold ions head-on, in a subatomic collision. What physicists learn from these collisions may help us understand more about why the physical world works the way it does, from the smallest subatomic particles, to the largest stars.